TORONTO, April 20, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Strike / ratification vote meetings for workers at Woodbine and Mohawk Racetracks have been scheduled for Sunday April 23 and Monday 24 th. (Mar) B. m. With the air quality health index for the Toronto area forecasted as ‘moderate-risk’ for Friday, June 9, Woodbine will proceed with this afternoon’s card of live racing. (races 1-3 provided free) Race 2: Our pick is the 5/2 second choice, #2 Bequia. She was raised on a breeding farm, where she learned to read sales catalogues and past performances before getting around to Dr. 1 million (U. Jill Jitterbug is owned by Anne L. HRN Power Pick selection. The lockout began at. Woodbine Entries, Woodbine Expert Picks, and Woodbine Results for Friday, October, 6, 2023. Biggest stakes: Canadian International, Queen's Plate, Woodbine Mile, Northern Dancer Turf Stakes . Woodbine Racetrack. Niagara Falls MPP Wayne Gates is calling on the provincial government to “put an end” to Woodbine Racetrack’s “bullying” of Fort Erie Race Track. Biggest stakes: Canadian International , Queen's Plate , Woodbine Mile , Northern Dancer Turf Stakes . Carroll reached the $2. About. Strike Me Down will chase his first added-money score in Saturday’s Grade 3, $125,000 Ontario Derby for three-year-olds at Woodbine Racetrack. 20 Superfecta 0. Guests can enjoy a variety of delicious foods from casual to fine dining, along with many. Live Thoroughbred racing will return to Woodbine next spring, opening day tentatively scheduled for Saturday, April 16, 2022. Horse Card. Moments. Dynamic Strike - $2. Now Trending FanDuel glitch Fair odds: Chilukki Rich St. Stakes Races on July 1. Read All news. King's Plate morning line 3-1 favorite, Kalik, keeps and eye on his new surrounding since arriving from Saratoga NY on August 18, 2023 at Woodbine Racetrack Woodbine/Michael Burns PhotoWoodbine Racetrack is a Canadian racetrack for Thoroughbred horse races located at 555 Rexdale Blvd. 60 payout on $2. #WoIntl #BetWoodbineTBOur business is complex. M-Race 2 -Place. PLAYER’S GUIDE – HIGH 5 EDITION – SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 16 BY – MICHAEL ANTONIADES The Woodbine/Mohawk mandatory payout presents an incredible opportunity… Read More Pepsi North America Cup – 2023 Media Kit416-675-3993, ext 1 + 2577. Owned by Woodbine Entertainment Group, Woodbine Racetrack manages and hosts Canada's most famous race, the King's Plate. City council approved expanding gambling operations at Woodbine, but with conditions. Toronto, Ontario, M9W 5L2. Race 5 - Woodbine TB 17-Nov-2023. 9 million. Woodbine Racetrack has dining options catering to a wide audience! Go to Dining. Unifor says the strike mandate covers 1,830 workers at eight Great Canadian Gaming Corporation locations, including Casino Woodbine in northwest Toronto. . This season’s schedule features over CA$17 million in purses, including 39. Working together for a strong horse racing industry in Ontario. News. Nearly 1,000 employees at Casino Woodbine have been locked out by their employer, days after voting to reject its latest contract offer. Click here to Watch Live Races at Woodbine Racetrack and also browse through all the past races at Woodbine Racetrack. LEARN MORE. 60 More Harder - - - Also rans: Dancing Dragon Pool Finish $2 Payout Total Pool; Trifecta 6-5-3 $72. m. Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. October 8, 2023. 10 Velocitor - - $2. Rolling Double / Exacta / 0. 19:10 PM Woodbine Stbd SB. Coming Soon: Brace yourself for excitement. 23, 2015 /CNW/ - Locked out OLG workers - members of. The victim, identified as 43-year-old Darren Fortune, was initially. Fans can watch and wager on all the action with HPIbet. Picket lines were set up as of 12 p. ca. MITZI set the pace inside, faced pressure up the backstretch, edged clear on the far turn, was engaged by a rival in mid-stretch and dug in to hold that foe at bay and prevail by a narrow margin. The top pick is #5 Tipsy Moon the 6/5 ML favorite trained by William Tharrenos and ridden by Kazushi Kimura. April 12, 2022. Auction History. The 2021 Thoroughbred racing season has ended. 888. 11:30 AM Wolverhampton TB. The Inner Turf, which will host its fifth year of racing this season, is set to open soon. Also of note for 2021, Listed races have increased purses to $125,000, boosted from. Flag Of Honour (AUS) digs in for Grade 2 Kennedy Road win. Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. Click here to Watch Live Races at Woodbine Racetrack and also browse through all the past races at Woodbine Racetrack. Watch Four hundred OLG workers go on strike at Woodbine track Video Online, on GlobalNews. Release Date: November 16, 2023. December 1, 2021. We can assist with seating, dining or group requirements to enhance your ontrack experience. The distance from the home turn to the finish line is 1400ft and the home straight is 100ft wide. Rolling Double / Exacta / 0. P. 20 Trifecta / 0. Woodbine Racetrack (Woodbine) is Canada’s premier Thoroughbred racetrack located in Toronto, Ontario. Read More . Flag Of Honour (AU. Read All news. Woodbine. All tournament dates, times and details subject to change or cancellation without notice. Find everything you need to know about horse racing at Equibase. Ricky Griffith, photo provided by Chris Griffith. Issues Full 2023 Thoroughbred Calendar. The 2023 thoroughbred racing season opens at Woodbine on April 22, 2023. Casino Woodbine will continue operating until the larger property is ready to open. Standardbred racing at Woodbine Mohawk Park in Campbelleville, Ont. Wager Cancellations. Woodbine Mohawk Park: 416-434-5893. 20 Trifecta / 0. Clocker Report. Three breeds | One vision. The top pick is #2 Il Malocchio the 7/5 ML favorite trained by Martin Drexler and ridden by Eswan Flores. Horse Card. This year’s Queen’s Plate will welcome back spectators for the first time since June 2019. The pick is the 9/2 fourth choice on the ML, #1 Muromec. November 18, 2023. add extra BBQ sauce or cholula aioli $1. Equibase Company LLC and Horse Racing Labs, LLC disclaim responsibility for the consequences, if any, of such errors but would appreciate having any such errors called to their attention. 2023 Event Highlights. The top pick is #5 Johnny Gold the 2/1 ML favorite trained by Josie Carroll and ridden by Sahin Civaci. Contact Us at Woodbine Racetrack if you got any questions or would like to share your feedback about Woodbine Racetrack or Casino Woodbine. com Main track (dirt): 1 1/8 mile oval Inner dirt track: 1 mile oval. 00 $36,811. m. The commencement of the 2021 Thoroughbred season, originally scheduled for April 17, at. lightning strike detector. TORONTO, May 14, 2023 – After a series of runner-up finishes, Anarchist broke through with a splendid effort in the Grade 3 $152,100 Jacques Cartier Stakes on Sunday at Woodbine. The top pick is #4 Unified Front the. The Public Services Alliance of Canada members have. February 11, 2022. Ren is still involved in owning/breeding, combining her ability to understand a prospect genetically, physically and mentally with traditional. M-Race 4-Place. m. 20:10 PM Hawthorne SB SB. Thoroughbred Races at Woodbine Racetrack - 4 Days a Week - Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun. RECENT WOODBINE TIPSHEET RESULTS. Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. Woodbine Racing. 20 Superfecta 0. It is the only horseracing track in North America which stages, or is capable of staging, thoroughbred and standardbred horse racing programs on the same day. 2023-11-05. SOUPER SUNDAY broke sharply and on top but settled in to stalk the pace, moved to challenge and took charge outside the three-sixteenths, was put to stout hand-urging in upper stretch and quickly powered clear to be much the best. The sound of pounding hooves at the crack of dawn the past month meant one. The. ON-Bred. Argentium. It happened at around 7 a. Scotty is trained by Martin Drexler and ridden. Track Conditions. running of the $1,000,000 dollar Queen's Plate on Sunday. The track was opened in 1956 with a one-mile oval dirt track, as well as a seven-eights turf course. Watch Live Harness Races at Woodbine Mohawk Park and also browse through all the past standardbred races at Woodbine Mohawk Park. Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. Owned by Woodbine Entertainment Group, Woodbine Racetrack manages and hosts Canada's most famous race, the King's Plate. The track was opened in 1956 with a one-mile oval dirt track and a seven-eighth turf course. Casino Woodbine filed for conciliation on March 22. The main course is turf course is a 12-furlong oval with a chute of 1m1f. Winning Owner: Richard Mah. Sitting comfortably in his living room on a bitterly cold January morning, Dan Vella embraced the opportunity to reminisce about his horse racing life, the one that started 50 years ago on the Woodbine backstretch. More than 20 years ago, Ellis was. It was the second-biggest upset in Kentucky Derby history, behind only. By Jeremy Balan June 12, 2016Event Information. The origins of Woodbine racetrack actually date back to 1881, although the current track only opened in 1956. (L-R),Assit Chris. Welcome to Equibase. Race Day showcases details on horse races and results in Woodbine Racetrack, including programs, photofinish, scratches, changes, to horse jockey, trainer, breeder, and owner. Latest Woodbine Blogs. Toll-Free: 1-888-675-7223. Biamonte 6 Keveh Nicholls $14,000 Black and yellow stars, yellow sleeves, yellow cap. Woodbine Racetrack is a race track for Thoroughbred horse racing in the Etobicoke area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 4 for owners Gainsway Stable and LNJ Foxwoods and. Welcome to Equibase. Woodbine Web Form. 20 $100,000 Guaranteed Pick 5 (Races 2-3-4-5-6) HRN Power Pick selection. The Racing Network Canada debuted in 2001, screening live thoroughbred and standardbred racing for subscribers; in 2005, it was renamed HPItv. JOCKEY WEIGHT: AGENT CELL Alderson, Nikki: 113: 647-206-0367: Alderson, Jeffrey: 116: Jeff StritzelWoodbine Entertainment announced Wednesday the $1-million King’s Plate, the opening leg of the Triple Crown, will be held Aug. 22 months ago. Woodbine Racing Community Invited to Stronger Together Discussion Wednesday. Sponsored by: Home / Summary Results / Woodbine. A few hundred locked-out Ontario Lottery and Gaming workers picketed Woodbine Racetrack for a second day Saturday after the corporation walked away from pension plan negotiations in September. Dynamic Strike, Bedard, Valley Victory Pool Finish $2 Payout Total Pool; Pick 3 4/5-1-2 $27. The address at Queen's Park comes after the Fort Erie Live Racing Consortium filed a complaint against Woodbine Racetrack with the Canadian Trade Commission under the Federal Competition Act. On Monday, March 6, 2023, Woodbine Entertainment announced its full stakes calendar for its highly-anticipated 2023 Thoroughbred racing season at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario. Can$ 250,000 [1] The Coronation Futurity Stakes is a Thoroughbred horse race for 2-year-old horses foaled in Canada. Our pick is the 5/2 second choice, #3 Emicrack (CHI). Woodbine Racetrack (Woodbine) is Canada’s premier Thoroughbred racetrack located in Toronto, Ontario. Woodbine Entries, Woodbine Expert Picks, and Woodbine Results for Saturday, May, 13, 2023. The $500,000 Pattison Summer Stakes (Grade 1) for two-year-olds and $500,000 Johnnie Walker Natalma Stakes (Grade 1) for two-year-old fillies will also take place over the world-renowned E. Unifor, the largest private sector union in Canada, says the strike mandate covers 1,830 workers at eight Great Canadian Gaming Corporation locations, including Casino Woodbine in northwest Toronto. The $1 million stakes race will be known as The King’s Plate when it is run for the 164th time on Aug. Telephone: (416) 675-7223 (RACE) Toll-Free: 1-888-675-7223. This season’s schedule features over CA$17 million in. Purse: $29,700. Read More . 2023 Woodbine Event Highlights. Woodbine Racetrack, Toronto Woodbine Racetrack is a race track for Thoroughbred horse racing in the Etobicoke area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The casino workers have been on strike since July 23 as the. While staying in Toronto my wife and i decided to spend the afternoon at the races and we are so glad we did. Woodbine Racetrack is a racetrack for thoroughbred horse racing in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Top horses include Financingavailable, Hell N Wild, Sheila’s Prospect, Dancingall Theway, Sharp Secretary and Stormy Rush. About Doug McPherson. Selections for the Triple Crown, Breeder's Cup, Santa Anita, Del Mar, Golden Gate, Churchill Downs, Aqueduct, Belmont Park, Gulfstream, Oaklawn Park, Saratoga, Pimlico, and Woodbine. 21:10 PM Gosford TB. Events Happening at Woodbine Racetrack. HULLABALOO cleared to take the field into the first turn, continued setting the pace comfortably up front at the half, was unchallenged throughout the second turn, was headed outside turning for home and found more in the final eighth to prevail at the end. (races 1-3 provided free) Race 3: Our pick is the 3/1 second choice, #6 Humor Me Jim. The gelding will. The Georgian Bay Stakes and Lake Huron Stakes will be rescheduled for next Friday, August. Read More . Woodbine Insider. m. Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. Read More . On 780 acres in the Township of Etobicoke, a new Woodbine Racetrack opened. Dark Bay or Brown Gelding. Contested annually to showcase Canada’s finest three. PAYS: $3 $5. 20 Pick 3 (Races 2-3-4) / 0. Dark Horse Bets brings the thrills to you with live, hi-res video streaming right in the app. Woodbine Entries, Woodbine Expert Picks, and Woodbine Results for Saturday, November, 11, 2023. Flat Out. ODDS: 1/2 8/5 2/1 7/2 5/1 10/1. Our pick is the 3/1 second choice, #7 Boxer Brief. Guests can enjoy a variety of delicious foods from casual to fine dining,. From the archives: Reporter flipped by sled during news report. Check our today's best picks on Woodbine. Woodbine Calendar. Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. Woodbine Entries, Woodbine Expert Picks, and Woodbine Results for Sunday, May, 14, 2023. Purse: $100,000. TORONTO, November 16, 2023 – Woodbine Entertainment’s Bill Ford, General Counsel and Executive Vice President of Racing, announced today that Woodbine has solidified its racing leadership team with the promotions of Tim Lawson and Bill McLinchey to Vice President positions. 20 Pick 3 (Races 2-3-4) / 0. Toronto, Ontario M9W 5L2, ca. GRANDE BELLA was among and between early leaders then moved to the fore and clear by the five-eighths, extended the margin turning into upper stretch racing just off the inside, was weakening late, fought on desperately under stout urging and lasted. Additionally, Woodbine Mohawk Park remains open for Quick Cash Stop. Rolling Double / Exacta / 0. in the city of Toronto, Ontario. In Toronto, Woodbine Racetrack cards the GI E. Today's Scratches & Program Changes information includes: Race Cancellations. The winners of last two legs of the Canadian Triple Crown—Velocitor and Touch'n Ride—meet for the first time since the King's Plate in the Oct. Woodbine Entertainment unveiled the stakes schedule for the 2023 Thoroughbred racing season at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, March 6. TORONTO, June 8, 2023 – Woodbine Entertainment has announced that training and workouts will resume on Friday morning at Woodbine Racetrack. 400 employees of the Ontario Lottery and Gaming Slots at Woodbine Racetrack have secured a new collective agreement, ending a three-week. The Queen’s Plate launches the 2022 Canadian Triple Crown, which is followed by the $400,000 Prince of Wales on Tuesday, September 13 over the Fort Erie dirt track, and the $400,000 Breeders’ Stakes, to be run on the E. Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. 2023 Live Racing meet to open April 22. m. Equibase Company LLC and Horse Racing Labs, LLC disclaim responsibility for the consequences, if any, of such errors but would appreciate. Dining Availability. Rich Strike Login. 20 Jackpot Power PK6 (Races 6-7-8-9-10-11) $1 Swinger. The three-year-old filly by Old Forester is trained by Norman McKnight and ridden by Kazushi Kimura. Woodbine Entries, Woodbine Expert Picks, and Woodbine Results for Sunday, November, 6, 2022. Dozens were picketing early Friday morning outside. Sheri Riddoch – An avid handicapper for over 15 years, Sheri loves to be around all aspects of the game from backstretch to railside to the paddock. Website: Meeting: Woodbine’s lengthy meet begins in late April and extends into the middle of December. Woodbine Entries, Woodbine Expert Picks, and Woodbine Results for Sunday, May, 7, 2023. November 11, 2023. COCONUT. The workers. The pick is the 8/1 fifth choice on the morning line, #6 Collaborative. He has average speed figures but is still open. SOUPER SUNDAY broke sharply and on top but settled in to stalk the pace, moved to challenge and took charge outside the three-sixteenths, was put to stout hand-urging in upper stretch and quickly powered clear to be much the best. The pick is the 9/2 fourth choice on the ML, #2 Sugar Is Golden. “Ubercapper,” is the National Racing Analyst for Equibase. Monday, Thursday, Friday at 6 p. Moments. During his member’s statement in the legislature at Queen’s Park Monday, the New Democrat said Woodbine is “bullying smaller tracks and using their power within this government and. The six-year-old mare Silver Tunes picked up her. com Canada Ontario Woodbine Racetrack. 9. Race 9 - Woodbine TB 17-Nov-2023. The workers represented by. Woodbine Entries, Woodbine Expert Picks, and Woodbine Results for Saturday, December, 3, 2022. 20 Trifecta / 0. (ON) by Bernardini - Smart Mission (Smart Strike) (L) 120 4 Yellow Mary E. TORONTO, March 6, 2023 – Woodbine Entertainment today unveiled the stakes schedule for the 2023 Thoroughbred racing season at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario. 20 Superfecta 0. The Toronto racetrack will resume racing Thursday, Sept. Thoroughbred Race Tickets. Woodbine/Michael. 1-888-675-7223 x 2513. January 13, 2023. Toronto, Ontario, M9W 5L2. Visit. Woodbine Race Schedule and Calendar. 20 $13. Read More . Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. Battle Strike - $2. Events Calendar. Clocker Report. By Jim MulvihillOptional Claiming $32,000; 1 1/16 Miles; fillies and mares; 13 runners; purse $111000. 675. The top pick is #1 Cerebro the 5/2 ML favorite trained by Andrew Smith and ridden by Eswan Flores. The top pick is #4 Canadiansweetheart the 2/5 ML favorite trained by Martin Drexler and ridden by Kazushi Kimura. The race will be held for the 164th time Aug. Biggest stakes:Canadian International, Queen's Plate,. Race 6 - Woodbine TB 17-Nov-2023. Winter Wonderland and Market. Woodbine Racetrack opened in 1956 and has two turf courses and a polytrack main track. On April 28, the Ontario Lottery and Gaming (OLG) Corporation tabled a final offer to the nearly 400 workers, according to the Public Service Alliance of Canada (PSAC), which represents the workers. 90 $2. m. Woodbine Racetrack is a Canadian racetrack for Thoroughbred horse races located at 555 Rexdale Blvd. ca. Photo by Michael Burns / Woodbine Entertainment. m. The lucrative 2022 Thoroughbred stakes program offers more than $16. This decision is consistent. Woodbine Entries, Woodbine Expert Picks, and Woodbine Results for Sunday, July, 10, 2022. Purse. First Name. “Old Woodbine” opens for Standardbred Racing. , will continue. 5 million in stakes purses, 39 graded stakes and two $1 million classics, The Queen’s Plate and Ricoh Woodbine Mile. News CASINO WOODBINE WORKERS' LOCKOUT REACHES TWO WEEKS It's been two weeks since nearly 1,000 employees, represented by the Public. RACING SCHEDULE 2023 STANDARDBRED Know When to Take the Reins. Right to Strike - - $3. 80 $11,657. 2023-11-04. The four-year-old filly by Mr. Get directions. At Woodbine Entertainment, we’re committed to leveraging the power of horse racing to invest in community initiatives that contribute to building healthy places to play, work, live, learn and grow. 9 million in stakes events, including 37 graded stakes and two $1 million. [email protected] TO BOOGIE was encouraged forward early then tracked in behind the leaders in hand two to three wide, found room to bid between foes in upper- to mid-stretch four wide and taking the lead by the furlong marker, drifted about a bit then edged clear late. Saturday: 7 p. Is once again a finalist for the Sovereign Award as Canada’s champion trainer. M-Race 4-Win. TSN. In addition to her Sovereign. Jockey Luis Contreras guides Loyalty to victory in the $125,000 Duchess Stakes at Woodbine Racetrack. 40 $2. 2023-11-04. The workers represented by the Public Service Alliance of. 20 Pick 3 (Races 3-4-5) HRN Power Pick selection. Horse racing has been a passion from a young age, raised by parents who are longtime. Read More . HRN Power Pick selection. TORONTO, April 12, 2022 – For the first time since April 2019, Woodbine Entertainment is set to open its Thoroughbred racing season without delay this Saturday (April 16) at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto. , Sept. 12:00 PM Hippodrome 3R SB. WO : Woodbine Racetrack : Race: 2: Changes: Time Posted : Current All Weather Track Condition - Fast: 02:57 pm ET WO : Woodbine Racetrack : Race: 3: Changes: Time Posted : Current All Weather Track Condition - Fast: 02:57 pm ET #7 Midnight Moonshine Scratched - Veterinarian 02:58 pm ET WO : Woodbine Racetrack : Race: 4: Changes:. Consequently, online sports bettors can now wager on Canada’s oldest thoroughbred horse race at Woodbine Racetrack in Etobicoke,. SEGUIMI moved forward to the lead and shifted in entering the first turn to dictate terms, raced on or just off the rail, drew clear in upper stretch and held safe. Host Your Event at Woodbine Racetrack and treat your team to a winning day at the races with exceptional restaurants, sizzling buffets and imaginative menus. May 14, 2023. pickled roots • spicy plum sauce. M-Race 5-Fourth. Woodbine’s 3,000 gaming machines make it the largest gaming floor in the province. When lightning is detected, the system alerts WESO staff to clear the track. M/L. With the forecasted air quality for Friday morning expected to improve and categorized as ‘moderate-risk’ by Environment Canada, Woodbine’s facilities will be open and training and. Thoroughbred Meet Opens in Six Weeks on April 22. in the city of Toronto, Ontario. Contact Elements Casino Mohawk at Mohawk Racetrack at (905) 854-4053 or 1-800-732-2230 or Leave Casino Feedback here >. Taylor Turf Course – 1 Mile . MILTON, January 13, 2023 – Woodbine Entertainment today released the schedule for its 2023 Standardbred stakes events at Woodbine Mohawk Park. Locations; Schedule; Special Events; Race Day FAQs; Betting 101. Host Your Event. MASTER SPY settled off the pace outside, advanced four to five deep on the turn, kept on in the lane to edge past late. After Casino Woodbine locked out nearly 1,000 of its employees as of May 8, 2023, picket lines in front of the casino are still going strong. Final Strike - - $7. airy spaces with spectacular views of the heart-pounding, horse racing action. Read More . add extra plum sauce $1. MILTON, ON – March 10, 2023 – Woodbine Mohawk Park today announced its plan to advance its current racetrack lighting system to a new, state-of-the-art LED lighting system that will provide horse people and fans with an exceptional new look and elevated racing experience. m. As part of a record-breaking 2022 season between Woodbine Racetrack and Woodbine Mohawk Park, Woodbine Entertainment. Valet Parking: Woodbine offers an easy and convenient valet parking experience. The turf surface is Kentucky Bluegrass that has a four inch drainage layer with a clay base. If you are an owner attending the races and require any assistance please feel free to contact: Megan Walker. Battle Strike $3. An exercise rider has died after two horses collided at Woodbine Racetrack earlier this morning. TORONTO, May 14, 2023 – After a series of runner-up finishes, Anarchist broke through with a splendid effort in the Grade 3 $152,100 Jacques Cartier Stakes on Sunday at Woodbine. WHO'Woodbine Entries & Results. Biggest stakes:Canadian International, Queen's Plate,. Get in on the excitement of Thoroughbred Racehorse Ownership at Woodbine Racetrack. 20/1. Reviewed July 18, 2023.